i'm no bean expert, so don't quote me on this, but the navy and black beans i think are firmer beans and therefore when cooked has the tendency to remain intact. i think red beans are softer beans and that would most likely turn into mush. also, if not canned beans you'd have to soak the beans anyway to soften them; the canned beans are simply a convenience. this chili recipe is good and mushy-free. and it freezes nicely.